*附录：如何制作玻璃楼梯
楼梯（Stairs）是一种不完整方块，并且会随着周边玻璃的连接状态而发生改变。这会大幅增加定义该方块的难度。本文基于minecraft:placement_direction方块特征和minecraft:placement_position方块特征来制作楼梯。
无拐角版
相比于考虑拐角的状态，不考虑拐角的情况要简单得多。
楼梯模型的制作
我们现在要制作玻璃楼梯，考虑到不能让内部产生多余的贴图，必须要把楼梯分成三部分处理，也就是如下图的三部分：
将楼梯模型分为 3 部分
注意，根据原版的默认方块状态，缺口是指向西方的。
和制作玻璃板的过程类似，我们启用「面属性」，禁用这三个块的连接面，然后微调 UV 在贴图中的位置，得到下图所示的模型：
微调玻璃贴图得到楼梯模型
行为包部分的定义 模型完善
我们现在来定义行为包部分，先不考虑方块特征，主要先来定义爆炸抗性、硬度、模型、材质实例和选择箱碰撞箱。
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": { "identifier": "geometry.stairs" },
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
}
}
}
现在我们进入游戏，会发现两个问题：
第一，现在在物品栏显示的模型是倒置的，这可以通过 bb 的显示调整解决。
纠正楼梯在 GUI 中的显示效果
注意：这必须使用1.21.110或更高格式版本的方块模型才可实现！如果你现在正在使用中国版或更低版本，也可以通过复制该模型，并把方块模型整体翻转 180° 来解决问题。读者也可以利用这个方法纠正台阶的模型在物品栏中的问题（如果不调整，台阶在物品栏中是居中的）。
该模型的 json 代码
有需要的读者也可直接取用，但我们还是建议读者自行尝试一次建模，尤其是初学者！
glass_stairs.geo.json
{
"format_version": "1.21.110",
"minecraft:geometry": [
{
"description": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"texture_width": 16,
"texture_height": 16,
"visible_bounds_width": 2,
"visible_bounds_height": 2.5,
"visible_bounds_offset": [0, 0.75, 0]
},
"bones": [
{
"name": "block",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0]
},
{
"name": "bottom_1",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [0, 0, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 16],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [8, 8], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"west": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [8, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -16]},
"down": {"uv": [8, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -16]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "bottom_2",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 0, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 16],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"east": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [8, 8], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"down": {"uv": [16, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -16]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "top",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 16],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"east": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"west": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [16, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -16]}
}
}
]
}
],
"item_display_transforms": {
"gui": {
"rotation": [30, 135, 0],
"translation": [0, 0, 0],
"scale": [0.625, 0.625, 0.625],
"rotation_pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"scale_pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"fit_to_frame": false
}
}
}
]
}
第二，楼梯没有应用旋转，倒置楼梯也没有效果。这时候我们就可以使用方块特征了。我们来使用minecraft:placement_direction方块特征，启用minecraft:cardinal_direction方块状态，先确定玩家的旋转角度，这个过程和我们当初定义竖半砖的时候是类似的。
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
},
"traits": {
"minecraft:placement_direction": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction" ]
}
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": { "identifier": "geometry.stairs" },
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
},
"permutations": [
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 270, 0 ] } }
}
]
}
}
在/reload all之后，我们可以发现我们的旋转值开始起到作用。
至于楼梯的倒置，我们则可以考虑使用minecraft:placement_position方块特征，启用minecraft:vertical_half方块状态，虽然这是给半砖专用的方块状态，但是没人规定楼梯我们就不能用它了。这只需要将 X 角度旋转 180° 即可。我们再额外给出 4 个方块置换：
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
},
"traits": {
"minecraft:placement_direction": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction" ]
},
"minecraft:placement_position": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:vertical_half" ]
}
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": { "identifier": "geometry.stairs" },
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
},
"permutations": [
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 0, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 270, 0 ] } }
}
]
}
}
这样，我们无拐角的楼梯就制作完成了！它可以应付一些简单的情况，比如地图内的固定装饰就可以使用它。
游戏内实际效果
有拐角版
现在让我们来考虑有拐角的情况，这个情况便要复杂得多了，最主要的问题是在模型上不好处理。
进一步处理模型
参考minecraft:placement_direction方块特征，我们知道下一步我们要把minecraft:cardinal_direction方块状态「升级」为minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction方块状态，这里存在几个额外的值：inner_left、inner_right、outer_left、outer_right，分别对应 4 个楼梯方向。我们注意到这些方向都是对上半部分的楼梯模型骨骼进行操作。
4 种方块状态的效果，白色为 inner_left，要在左下角缺口添加新骨骼；红色为 inner_right，要在右下角缺口添加新骨骼；绿色为 outer_left，只显示左上角骨骼；蓝色为 outer_right，只显示右上角骨骼
这样，我们就必须更改我们的模型，将top骨骼替换为outer_left和outer_right，然后缺口处新增inner_left和inner_right骨骼，调整 UV，使得贴图出现在应该出现的位置。
添加 4 种新骨骼
现在我们先不考虑面剔除问题，来关注如何改进我们的方块定义。
inner_left骨骼（或inner_right骨骼）只需在inner_left方块状态（或inner_right方块状态）下启用，其余情况应该禁用；outer_left骨骼（或outer_right骨骼）只需在outer_right方块状态（或outer_left方块状态）下禁用，其余情况应该启用；
这样我们就知道该什么时候启用什么骨骼了：
定义代码
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
},
"traits": {
"minecraft:placement_direction": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction" ]
},
"minecraft:placement_position": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:vertical_half" ]
}
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'"
}
},
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
},
"permutations": [
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 0, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"components": { "minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "white_stained_glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"components": { "minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "red_stained_glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"components": { "minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "blue_stained_glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'",
"components": { "minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "green_stained_glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'none'",
"components": { "minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "yellow_stained_glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } } }
}
]
}
}
其中，66-85 行的代码是为了更好地显示不同方块状态的楼梯，读者可以无视。重新进入游戏，我们可以看到现在楼梯的模型可以正确地连接了：
骨骼已被成功隐藏
现在还剩下两个问题有待解决：
- 楼梯的碰撞箱仍然需要适配；
- 楼梯模型的面剔除问题有待解决。
面剔除问题的解决思路
我们先来解决面剔除问题。和我们上一节的思路类似地，我们可以通过定义新骨骼外加隐藏面的方式来实现面剔除效果。例如，对于inner_left，我们有 3 个接触面要处理，也就是和inner_right、outer_left和bottom的接触面。这样，我们可以来定义 3 个新的骨骼：
- 在
inner_left骨骼里定义inner_left_to_inner_right骨骼，代表inner_left和inner_right的接触面。然后，复制原来inner_left的部件到inner_left_to_inner_right里。 - 在
inner_left骨骼里定义inner_left_to_outer_left骨骼，代表inner_left和outer_left的接触面。然后，复制原来inner_left的部件到inner_left_to_inner_right里。 - 在
bottom_1骨骼里定义bottom_to_inner_left骨骼，代表inner_left和bottom的接触面。这里不定义到inner_left骨骼，是考虑到之后要对bottom_1的面进行操作。然后，复制原来bottom_1的部件到bottom_to_inner_left里。
现在，你的模型结构应该如图所示：
模型结构
我们来做面剔除工作。inner_left骨骼和inner_right在南方有接触；和outer_left在东方有接触、和bottom_1在底部有接触。这样：
- 把
inner_left骨骼的根部件在面属性中全部隐藏掉。 - 把
inner_left_to_inner_right骨骼的部件的南面启用，其余面全部禁用。 - 把
inner_left_to_outer_left骨骼的部件的东面启用，其余面全部禁用。 - 调整
bottom_to_inner_left部件的体积，使其和inner_left对齐，并调整顶部 UV，其余面全部禁用。 - 最后，把
bottom_1的根部件的顶面禁用。
最后，让我们理清这些新建的骨骼什么时候启用。
- 对于
inner_left_to_inner_right，只有处于inner_left方块状态时才启用。这个时候，inner_right骨骼不会启用，所以事实上，inner_left_to_inner_right是会在这个时候固定显示的。因此，事实上我们可以移除inner_left_to_inner_right骨骼了！然后，启用inner_left根部件的南方的面。 - 同理地，处于
inner_left方块状态时，outer_left骨骼是固定显示的，这时候inner_left_to_outer_left则固定不显示。因此，我们可以移除这个骨骼，东方的面我们也没必要再关注了。 - 而对于
bottom_to_inner_left，则在不处于inner_left方块状态时启用。
现在，你的模型结构应该如图所示，我们合计新增了一个骨骼bottom_to_inner_left：
模型结构（处理完 inner_left）
并且，我们可以给出新增的那一个bottom_to_inner_left的显示时机：
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'",
"bottom_to_inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_left'"
}
}
对于其他的面，也都可以通过这种推理的方法如法炮制。读者也可以通过隐藏或显示特定骨骼的方法，快速判断该启用哪些面，禁用哪些面。事实上，按照上面的思路，我们还可以将bottom_1和bottom_2合并为一个bottom，请读者自行思考应该怎么做。
到最后，我们可以定义剩下的骨骼，如下图所示：
模型结构（完整版）
一共多了 8 个模型，我们需要分别定义：
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'",
"bottom_to_inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_left'",
"bottom_to_inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_right'",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"outer_left_to_inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_left' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right_to_inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_right' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'"
}
}
该模型的 json 代码
stairs.geo.json
{
"format_version": "1.21.110",
"minecraft:geometry": [
{
"description": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"texture_width": 16,
"texture_height": 16,
"visible_bounds_width": 3,
"visible_bounds_height": 2.5,
"visible_bounds_offset": [0, 0.75, 0]
},
"bones": [
{
"name": "block",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0]
},
{
"name": "bottom",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 0, -8],
"size": [16, 8, 16],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"east": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"west": {"uv": [0, 8], "uv_size": [16, 8]},
"down": {"uv": [16, 16], "uv_size": [-16, -16]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "bottom_to_inner_left",
"parent": "bottom",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [0, 0, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"up": {"uv": [8, 8], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "bottom_to_inner_right",
"parent": "bottom",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [0, 0, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"up": {"uv": [8, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "bottom_to_outer_left",
"parent": "bottom",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 0, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"up": {"uv": [16, 8], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "bottom_to_outer_right",
"parent": "bottom",
"pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 0, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"up": {"uv": [16, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "inner_left",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [0, 8, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"west": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [8, 8], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "inner_right",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [0, 8, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"west": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [8, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_left",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"east": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [16, 8], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_left_to_inner_left",
"parent": "outer_left",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"west": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_left_to_outer_right",
"parent": "outer_left",
"pivot": [0, 2, 0],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, -8],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"south": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_right",
"parent": "block",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 8],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"east": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"south": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]},
"up": {"uv": [16, 16], "uv_size": [-8, -8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_right_to_inner_right",
"parent": "outer_right",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 8],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"west": {"uv": [8, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]}
}
}
]
},
{
"name": "outer_right_to_outer_left",
"parent": "outer_right",
"pivot": [-8, 8, 8],
"cubes": [
{
"origin": [-8, 8, 0],
"size": [8, 8, 8],
"uv": {
"north": {"uv": [0, 0], "uv_size": [8, 8]}
}
}
]
}
],
"item_display_transforms": {
"gui": {
"rotation": [30, 135, 0],
"translation": [0, 0, 0],
"scale": [0.625, 0.625, 0.625],
"rotation_pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"scale_pivot": [0, 0, 0],
"fit_to_frame": false
}
}
}
]
}
剩余工作
最后，我们调试好碰撞箱，我们的玻璃楼梯就可以投入应用了！
添加碰撞箱后的定义代码
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
},
"traits": {
"minecraft:placement_direction": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction" ]
},
"minecraft:placement_position": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:vertical_half" ]
}
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'",
"bottom_to_inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_left'",
"bottom_to_inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_right'",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"outer_left_to_inner_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_left' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_right'",
"outer_right_to_inner_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'inner_right' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') != 'outer_left'",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'"
}
},
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
},
"permutations": [
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 0, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left'",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ 0, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
]
}
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right'",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ 0, 8, 0 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
]
}
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left'",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
]
}
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right'",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, 0 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
]
}
}
]
}
}
然而，到这里事情还没完！事实上如果我们尝试一下就会发现，对于倒置楼梯来说，inner_left会和inner_right完全颠倒；outer_left会和outer_right完全颠倒。因此，对于判断minecraft:corner的 Molang，需要更进一步的完善。最后，可以得到以下代码：
完整代码
glass_stairs.block.json
{
"format_version": "1.26.20",
"minecraft:block": {
"description": {
"identifier": "test:glass_stairs",
"menu_category": {
"category": "construction"
},
"traits": {
"minecraft:placement_direction": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:corner_and_cardinal_direction" ]
},
"minecraft:placement_position": {
"enabled_states": [ "minecraft:vertical_half" ]
}
}
},
"components": {
"minecraft:destructible_by_mining": { "seconds_to_destroy": 0.3 },
"minecraft:destructible_by_explosion": { "explosion_resistance": 0.3 },
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "false",
"inner_right": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "false"
}
},
"minecraft:material_instances": { "*": { "texture": "glass", "render_method": "blend", "ambient_occlusion": 0.0 } },
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] }
],
"minecraft:selection_box": { "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 16, 16 ] }
},
"permutations": [
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 0, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 0, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'north' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 90, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'west' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 180, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "q.block_state('minecraft:cardinal_direction') == 'south' && q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top'",
"components": { "minecraft:transformation": { "rotation": [ 180, 270, 0 ] } }
},
{
"condition": "(q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'bottom' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left') || (q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right')",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ 0, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
],
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_right": "false",
"bottom_to_inner_left": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_inner_right": "false",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "false"
}
}
}
},
{
"condition": "(q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'bottom' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_right') || (q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'inner_left')",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ 0, 8, 0 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
],
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "false",
"bottom_to_inner_right": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_inner_right": "false",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "false"
}
}
}
},
{
"condition": "(q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'bottom' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left') || (q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right')",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, -8 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
],
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "false",
"inner_right": "false",
"outer_right": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_left": "false",
"outer_right_to_inner_right": "false",
"outer_right_to_outer_left": "false"
}
}
}
},
{
"condition": "(q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'bottom' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_right') || (q.block_state('minecraft:vertical_half') == 'top' && q.block_state('minecraft:corner') == 'outer_left')",
"components": {
"minecraft:collision_box": [
{ "origin": [ -8, 0, -8 ], "size": [ 16, 8, 16 ] },
{ "origin": [ -8, 8, 0 ], "size": [ 8, 8, 8 ] }
],
"minecraft:geometry": {
"identifier": "geometry.stairs",
"bone_visibility": {
"inner_left": "false",
"inner_right": "false",
"outer_left": "false",
"bottom_to_outer_right": "false",
"outer_left_to_inner_left": "false",
"outer_left_to_outer_right": "false"
}
}
}
}
]
}
}
已知问题
通过这种方法制作的楼梯可能存在的问题有：
- 目前为止仍然不支持复合选择箱，因此在玩家事实上并没有面向楼梯时，仍然会导致选中楼梯。
笑点：网易的netease:aabb组件早几年前就已经实现复合碰撞箱和复合选择箱了。
即使没有面向楼梯，仍然会选中这个楼梯
- 我们定义的楼梯和原版楼梯不能形成拐角。
- 我们定义的楼梯的 UV 会随着方块置换的旋转组件而旋转。这个问题或许可以通过优化模型解决，但不能通过
minecraft:geometry的uv_lock参数解决。
UV 会随着方块置换的旋转组件而旋转